If this activity were to occur in late summer/early fall (typically mid-July to mid-September), this activity could prevent or impede dispersal by juveniles from breeding habitat to foraging and overwintering habitat. Populations of the Jefferson Salamander in Canada are situated at the northern limit of the species' North American range. Within breeding ponds the Jefferson Salamander requires low shrubs, twigs, fallen tree branches, submerged riparian vegetation or emergent vegetation to which to attach egg masses. Description: Slimy Salamanders were once considered one species (P. glutinosus) but have recently been split into 13 separate species.They all look similar and are best differentiated by range. Prey in the terrestrial habitat includes insects, earthworms and other invertebrates. Therefore, genetic analysis is often required to distinguish pure Jefferson Salamanders from polyploids, and particularly to distinguish pure female Jefferson Salamanders. the effectiveness of mitigation efforts to address threats and means of reducing road mortality, the refinement of the species' distribution and range, particularly in portions of the Oak Ridges Moraine Plan Area and the Greenbelt Plan Area, juvenile dispersal patterns, timing and distances, Verify and document extant, historic and potential populations, Provision of accurate data for subsequent research, monitoring and mapping. The lack of vernal pools and fishless wetlands in woodlands is a limiting factor. Because the Jefferson Salamander larvae are not particularly susceptible to relatively low pH (K. Beriault pers. Because the Jefferson Salamander and jeffersonianum-dominated polyploids cannot be separated by habitat, and because the perpetuation of the polyploid component of the complex is dependent on the presence of the Jefferson Salamander, the recommendations in this recovery strategy relating to the identification, description, mapping and protection of habitat apply to both the Jefferson Salamander and jeffersonianum-dominated polyploids. While jeffersonianum-dominated polyploids will not be protected under the ESA or SARA, they are included in the regulation as surrogates for pure Jefferson Salamanders. Hybrids and genetic interactions of mole salamanders (Ambystoma jeffersonianum and A.laterale) (Amphibia: Caudata) in New York and New England. Based on the following four criteria outlined in the draft SARA Policies (Government of Canada 2009), there are unknowns regarding the feasibility of recovery of the Jefferson Salamander. A population that has been confirmed in the last 20 years. They are the only ones known in York Region and represent the easternmost population of this species in Ontario. For these reasons, the population and distribution objective is based on area of occupancy rather than on population abundance. Government-supported strategies presented in the Government Response Statement will have a positive impact on other wildlife species occupying Carolinian forest, as well as protecting the remnant forest itself. or other activities that alter site cover and/or hydrology, Erecting barriers (e.g. Successful recovery requires inter-governmental co-operation and the involvement of many individuals, organizations and communities. No single agency or organization has the knowledge, authority, or financial resources to protect and recover all of Ontario's species at risk. Additional distributional records of Ambystoma laterale, A. jeffersonianum (Amphibia: Caudata) and their unisexual kleptogens in northeastern North America. 2003. Ontario Ministry of Natural ResourcesEnvironment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service – Ontario. The present knowledge of this species indicates that the current isolated populations are remnants of what was once a more extensive (i.e., continuous) range throughout southern Ontario. With an additional 59 salamanders monitored, for a total sample size of 111, these studies have generated extensive data on the movements and terrestrial habitat use of the Jefferson Salamander and jeffersonianum-dominated polyploids. NatureServe Conservation Status. Calhoun, A.J.K., and M.W. These ranks, termed G-rank, N-rank and S-rank, are not legal designations. Furthermore, jeffersonianum-dominated polyploids use the same habitats as pure Jefferson Salamanders and, therefore, a jeffersonianum-dominated polyploid associated with a specific habitat (e.g., breeding pond) provides a good indication that pure Jefferson Salamanders (which are very rare and difficult to find) also use that habitat. These findings highlight the rarity of the Jefferson Salamander, particularly in areas that are not located on the Niagara Escarpment. Jefferson Salamander Recovery Team. 2003) have been and continue to be used effectively to identify diploid Jefferson Salamanders and distinguish polyploid members of the complex. American Museum Novitates 3218: 78. At present there is no basis for protecting newly created features (e.g., breeding ponds) within a habitat regulation because colonization and use of such features has not been sufficiently documented. It hides in burrows beneath leaf litter, under logs and other surface objects such as rocks. Jefferson Salamanders were last observed at that site in April 1989 (Bogart unpublished data) and the breeding pond was dry in successive years (1990–93). The dark melanin pigment and the gel covering (and any algae in it), along with dissolved organic matter in the water, protect the developing embryos from damage through exposure to ultraviolet B radiation (Licht 2003). The presence of the Jefferson Salamander was confirmed at one of the sites. Report prepared for the Niagara Escarpment Branch of the Ontario Heritage Foundation. 1994. Jefferson Salamander populations normally coexist with unisexual individuals that are mostly polyploid with a predominance of Jefferson Salamander chromosomes; together they constitute the A. laterale–jeffersonianum complex. + Annexes. Biodiversity – the variety of life on Earth – provides us with clean air and water, food, fibre, medicine and other resources that we need to survive. And catch basins as traps or in leaf litter, under logs and other surface objects as. In accordance with the exception of section 2, recovery known about the dispersal patterns of juvenile Jefferson Salamanders a. 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